The new forms gave rise to Elizabethan lyric poetry, and the period marks the peak of the sonnetвЂ™s English popularity. Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, introduced the sonnet and other Italian verse forms to England in the 16th century. Or hear old Triton blow his wreathГЁd horn. Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea Have glimpses that would make meless forlorn So might I, standing on this pleasant lea,

It moves us not.-Great God! IвЂ™d rather be The winds that will be howling at all hours,ДЄnd are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers,ДЇor this, for everything, we are out of tune This Sea that bares her bosom to the moon We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon! Getting and spending, we lay wasteour powers One of the best-known examples of a Petrarchan sonnet in English is William WordsworthвЂ™s early 19th-century sonnet вЂњThe World Is Too Much with UsвЂќ (which has the rhyme scheme abbaabba cdcdcd): The world is too much with us late and soon, In most cases the form was adapted to the principal meter of the countryвЂ™s language-for example, the alexandrine (12-syllable iambic line) in France and iambic pentameter in English. The Petrarchan sonnet became a major influence on European poetry, soon spreading to Spain, Portugal, France, and eastern Europe. The rhyme scheme of the sestet has several variations, including cdecde, cdcdcd, or cdedce. The octave is rhymed abbaabba-meaning that the last word of the first line rhymes with those of the fourth, fifth, and eighth lines (the a rhymes) and the last word of the second line rhymes with those of the third, sixth, and seventh lines (the b rhymes). They resolve the problem, answer the question, or relieve the tension. The last six lines are called the sestet. They state a problem, ask a question, or express an emotional tension. The first eight lines are called the octave. The Petrarchan sonnet treats its theme in two parts. His Canzoniere-a sequence of poems including 317 sonnets-established and perfected the Petrarchan sonnet. It reached its height of popularity in the 14th century in the love poems of Petrarch. 'Fool,' said my Muse to me, 'look in thy heart, and write.The sonnet form seems to have originated in the 13th century among Italian court poets. Thus great with child to speak and helpless in my throes,Д«iting my truant pen, beating myself for spite, Invention, Nature's child, fled step-dame Study's blows ДЄnd others' feet still seem'd but strangers in my way.

Some fresh and fruitful showers upon my sunburn'd brain.Д«ut words came halting forth, wanting invention's stay Oft turning others' leaves, to see if thence would flow Studying inventions fine her wits to entertain, I sought fit words to paint the blackest face of woe Knowledge might pity win, and pity grace obtain,. Pleasure might cause her read, reading might make her know, That she, dear she, might take some pleasure of my pain,. 'Loving in truth, and fain in verse my love to show,

'Astrophil and Stella 1,' the first of 108 sonnets and songs in Philip Sidney's set, creates the opening scene for this love story. Even though Shakespeare did not invent this sonnet style, he was among the most prolific, writing 154 in his lifetime.

Other notable authors include Michael Drayton, Fulke Greville, and, of course, William Shakespeare. Published in 1591, the sonnet set 'Astrophil and Stella' by Sir Philip Sidney established the form of the English sonnet.

Petrarchan sonnet examples by students